Parts of a URL

A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is the address of a unique resource on the internet.

wikipedia :
A uniform resource locator, colloquially known as an address on the Web, is a reference to a resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it. A URL is a specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier, although many people use the two terms interchangeably

URL parts

A URL conforms to the systax of a URI.
The generic URI syntax consists of a hierarchical sequence of components referred to as the scheme, authority, path, query, and fragment.

URI = 'scheme' "://" 'authority' "/" 'path' [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]

for example

https://www.tenderprog.com/blog/2022-01-14-ruby-file-methods?page=ONE#TOP1

scheme = https
authority = www.tenderprog.com
path = /blog/2022-01-14-ruby-file-methods
query = ?page=ONE
fragment = #TOP1
==